Ejection fraction refers to how much blood the heart pumps out during a contraction. An abnormal ejection fraction can be a sign of heart failure. Some people might need treatment to improve their ...

End-diastolic volume is the amount of blood that is in the ventricles before the heart contracts. Doctors use end-diastolic volume to estimate the heart’s preload volume and to calculate stroke volume ...

Evidence may support a greater comorbidity burden among patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) or reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), although this finding was shown to be ...

My patients’ concerns about heart failure are usually, “What is my prognosis?” “What are the treatments, like medication and surgery, that are available to me?” But some people will ask me for their ...

Most trials that have shown a benefit of beta-blocker treatment after myocardial infarction included patients with large myocardial infarctions and were conducted in an era before modern ...

The SGLT2 inhibitor medicines have changed how heart failure is managed. Originally sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors were used to lower blood sugar levels in people who have type 2 ...